1. the Assyrian captivity of 721BC (Jer.50:17).
2. the Babylonian captivity of 586BC (Jer.25:11; 50:17).
3. the Roman captivity of 70AD (Dan.9:26; Lk.21:20-24).

1. The return from Babylon (2Chr.36:22,23).
2. The final restoration, begun in the 20th century and fulfilled at the Second Advent (Isa.11:11,12).

1. In 586BC Judah was taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar (Solomon's Temple and Jerusalem destroyed).
2. In 538BC Cyrus of Persia issued a decree allowing the Jews to return.
3. In 535BC the foundation of the second Temple was laid (the first deportation occurred in 605BC, 70 years earlier).
4. In 516BC the Temple was completed (70 years after the fall of Jerusalem).
5. Permission to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem in 445BC (Neh.2:5; Dan.9:25).

1. The curse allowed for various peoples to settle in the land.
2. It prohibited agricultural development and beautification.
3. The land lay fallow during the 70-year Babylonian captivity.
4. During the centuries of the Roman captivity, no people who occupied the Holy Land cultivated the soil or practiced reforestation.
5. Only with the return of the early Jewish settlers did the land spring to life with crops, trees, and flora.
6. As the Jews languished in captivity, so the land languished for lack of a caretaker.

1. DD pursues the Jews among the nations (Lev.26:33,36-39; Ps.44:11).
2. Israel must be preserved to fulfill the covenants.

XIII. Review of the powers who held control of Palestine from 70AD until Israel declared statehood in 1948.

1. Roman period until 500AD (Bar Kochba revolt in 132-135 resulted in the temple of Jupiter being built on the ruins of the Jewish Temple, and Jews being forbidden to enter the city for about 500 years).
2. The Byzantine period from 300 to 638 (Jews return to Jerusalem in 638).
3. The early Moslem period from 638 to 1099 (Dome of the Rock built c.700; Jerusalem becomes Islam's third holiest city).
4. The Crusader period from 1100 to 1242 (Jews and Moslems massacred, not permitted to live in Jerusalem).
5. The Mamluk period from 1242 to 1517 (Mamlukes were Mongolian bodyguards who rose up against the Egyptian Caliphs and ruled over Egypt, Syria, and Palestine).
6. The Turkish Ottoman Period from 1517 to 1917.
7. The British Mandate from 1917 to 1948.

1. Begins while Jews are in unbelief (Ezek.36:22,32).
2. Physical restoration begins ahead of the spiritual, and the two proceed together (Ezek.36:24-30).
3. Sign of the Rapture generation (Mt.24:3,32).
4. It is one of just two restorations (Isa.11:11 prophesies both restorations, the first being the return from Babylon).
5. Gradual, worldwide immigration from the nations (Jer.16:14-16; Zech.2:6,7 has to do with the U.S. and Russia; Ezek.34:11-13)
6. Gradual improvement of the land for human habitation (Ezek.34:14).
7. Christ will rule over them when restoration is complete (Ezek.34:23,24; 36:8-11; Jer.30:21).
8. Israel will not be threatened by calamities of her past in the final phase (Jer.31:12,13; Ezek.34:25-31).
9. Includes the restoration of the Northern and Southern Kingdoms into one nation under God (Jer.30:3-11; 31:1-40; Ezek.37:15-28).
10. Israel is back to stay (Ezek.36:12-15)!

1. Pre-Rapture phase (establishment of the Jewish homeland for the first time since 70AD and worldwide immigration back to Israel).
2. Tribulation phase (immigration continues, especially from the U.S.; the spiritual phase begins; the period ends with the State of Israel surrounded by the nations).
3. Second Advent phase (Jesus Christ delivers the nation and gathers all believing Jews into the land).
4. Millennial phase (the whole house of Israel dwells safely in the land under the New Covenant of Jer.31:31-34).

1. 1948: Ben Gurion proclaims the State of Israel based on the U.N. vote, and five Arab nations invade Israel.
2. 1950: Knesset passes Law of Return; 48,000 Jews airlifted from Yemen; new immigrants from 70 nations.
3. 1967: Six-Day War, in which Israel captures Temple area.
4. 1973: Yom Kippur War.